A few online resources for environmental and health data

LINK ADDRESS COMMENTS EXAMPLE
ArcExplorer www.esri.com/software/arcexplorer The WWW tab on ArcExplorer takes you to an ESRI website that adds data to your map. I'm not sure how it works, but I was able to use it to download map data for the Senegal region Senegal
CDC www.cdc.gov
www.cdc.gov/brfss/maps/gis_data.htm
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention > National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion > Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma
Berkeley/Penn Datakit dcrp.ced.berkeley.edu/research/footprint/ Vector and raster data for environmental modeling Federal lands
CIESIN/SEDAC sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/gpw/ Gridded world population at several resolutions. 1-degree
EPA www.epa.gov/waters/data/downloads.html The US Environmental Protection Agency has a GIS Download page with lots of maps, but you could find more if you start from EPA's homepage. Impaired waters
ESRI www.esri.com/data/download The Environmental Systems Research Institute has at least one site for free data, but I'm sure there are others.
EROS edcintl.cr.usgs.gov/data.html The USGS EROS Data Center is a major source of environmental datasets. I used its African Data Dissemination Server to make a cropland use intensity map of Chad. Chad
GeographyNetwork www.geographynetwork.com This is an ESRI-sponsored website. A search for 'health and disease' yielded only 3 hits, but a search on 'environmental' got 243!
Geospatial One-Stop www.geodata.gov/ This US Federal site is a new data clearinghouse that appears to be well-organized, but I haven't downloaded any of its datasets.
GRID
Arendal
www.grida.no/db Another UNDP GIS data depository. I used it to create a gridded population map of West Africa. The data may require some ArcGIS. W. Africa
population
NASA Earth Observatory earthobservatory.nasa.gov/GlobalMaps/ Global datasets, especially climate systems, that can be combined with other shapefiles. Sea surface temperature
National Atlas www.nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html This US site is designed to provide datasets for mapping. Some of these are compressed in .tar and .gz format, so you may need help in extracting them. Butterflies
NCAR www.gisclimatechange.org The National Center for Atmospheric Research provides shapefiles of point data for climate model runs. They can be viewed in ArcGIS and overlayed with polygons, e.g. countries. 1999 temperature
NOAA maps.csc.noaa.gov/hurricanes/download.jsp Among the many NOAA data sources I show Pacific hurricanes. hurricanes
Pennsylvania Spatial Data Access  (PASDA) ftp://www.pasda.psu.edu/pub/pasda/ A treasure-trove of GIS data, much of it from Pennsylvania, but not all. Digital raster graphic
TopoZone www.topozone.com This site provides scanned USGS topo sheets (digital raster graphics: DRGs) and aerial photographs (digital orthophotoquads: DOQQs). You have to register, but the data are free. Philadelphia
UNEP geodata.grid.unep.ch The United Nations Environment Programme has lots of environmental and health datasets. You may have to do some editing to get what you want, but this is a major site. Africa water
USGS streamflow water.usgs.gov/waterwatch/ The shapefiles for over 9000 streamflow gaging stations, including current flow. Gaging stations
WHO www.who.int The World Health Organization's yearly World Health Report has an annex that can be downloaded in Excel format. I can help you link the data to a shapefile.
Hydrometeorological
Prediction Center 
www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov/html/about_gis.shtml Gridded point data from which you can make interpolated surfaces. Maximum high temperature

2009/03/12